After Brazil and Vietnam, Indonesia is one of the biggest coffee producers. There are many type of coffee in Indonesia, including a famous Kopi Luwak (pronounced [kopi 'luak]) or Civet coffee. Civet coffee becomes more popular internationally because of "The Bucket List" movie, starring by Jack Nicholson and Morgan Freeman.

Indonesian coffee according to the product quantity is number four in the world ranking. Coffee in Indonesia has a long story and has an important role in the economic growth.

Indonesian archipelagoes are very ideal for planting a coffee because of its geographical position in the equator. The climate and humidity of tropical is very suitable for a coffee plant, and to produce coffee.

Coffee brought to Indonesia by the Dutch to Batavia (in what is now Jakarta, the capital of Indonesia) in 1696. Batavia soon became the main supplier of coffee to Europe. Over the past 312 years, the names “Java Coffee” and “Sumatran Coffee” have become virtually synonymous with flavorful coffee.

In the beginning the coffee plantation in Indonesia is under the Dutch colony. The coffee came to Indonesia through Sri Lanka (Ceylon). The Dutch colonial government developed a plantation in West Java, surrounding Batavia (Jakarta), Bogor and Sukabumi.

And then they open another plantation at Central Java, East Java, Sumatera and Sulawesi. Connoisseurs of specialty coffee also know the names Bali, Lintong, Toraja, Kalosi, Gayo, and Mandheling. Beyond these well known regions, coffee from new areas, such as Wamena and Moanemani in Papua wait to be discovered.

In early 20^th century a coffee plantation in Indonesia infected by germ and nearly all Indonesian coffee plant has destroyed. At the same time the Portuguese Colonial government also opening a plantation at Timor and Flores. The type of coffee is Arabica; this coffee is safe from the germ.

To avoiding the germ, the Colonial government decided to plant a Liberica coffee. This variety is not so popular and finally also infected by the germ. Liberica coffee plant still found in Java, even it is not for commercial product. Liberica beans more bigger than Arabica and Robusta.

Robusta coffee replaced a Liberica coffee. Even this is not a specific coffee for Indonesia, but this type is very important for export.

Natural disaster, 2^nd World War, and Indonesian revolution for independent – all has an important role of a history of coffee in Indonesia. Early of 20^th century coffee plantation are under control of Dutch Colonial Government. The infrastructure prepared to support the trading of coffee.

Before the 2^nd World War in Central Java there is a railway that used to transport coffee, sugar, pepper, tea, and tobacco, the railway connecting the plantation to the harbor at Semarang for shipment. In general, coffee plant at Central Java is Arabica type. Beside at Central Java Arabica coffee also plant at Bondowoso, East Java (Kayumas, Blawan, Kalisat/Jampit area).

At East Java there is also plant Robusta coffee like at Kediri (Ngrangkah Pawon), Malang (Bangelan), Malangsari, Banyuwangi (Kaliselogiri). In the mountain area from Jember to Banyuwangi there are many coffee plants, both Arabica and Robusta. Arabica coffee grew at the height area.

After the independent, most of coffee plantations take over by the new government or left by the colonial government. Nowadays, about 92 percent of coffee producer in Indonesia are small and medium class farmer/business or cooperation.

Indonesian Coffee sells at Amazon

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